Results for "Vincent Roulet"
total 5556took 0.12s
Sharpness, Restart and AccelerationFeb 13 2017The {\L}ojasievicz inequality shows that sharpness bounds on the minimum of convex optimization problems hold almost generically. Here, we show that sharpness directly controls the performance of restart schemes. The constants quantifying sharpness are ... More Electron neutrino opacity in magnetised mediaNov 03 1997We study the effects of strong magnetic fields ($B> 10^{13}$~G) in the cross section for $\nu_e n\to p e$ scattering in the presence of a degenerate electron background. This can be relevant for the $\nu_e$ propagation in the proto-neutron star stage ... More Renegar's Condition Number and Compressed Sensing PerformanceJun 10 2015Renegar's condition number is a data-driven computational complexity measure for convex programs, generalizing classical condition numbers in linear systems. We provide evidence that for a broad class of compressed sensing problems, the worst case value ... More Kernel-based Translations of Convolutional NetworksMar 19 2019Convolutional Neural Networks, as most artificial neural networks, are commonly viewed as methods different in essence from kernel-based methods. We provide a systematic translation of Convolutional Neural Networks (ConvNets) into their kernel-based counterparts, ... More Learning with Clustering StructureJun 16 2015Sep 19 2016We study supervised learning problems using clustering constraints to impose structure on either features or samples, seeking to help both prediction and interpretation. The problem of clustering features arises naturally in text classification for instance, ... More Kicked neutron stars and microlensingSep 02 1996Due to the large kick velocities with which neutron stars are born in supernovae explosions, their spatial distribution is more extended than that of their progenitor stars. The large scale height of the neutron stars above the disk plane makes them potential ... More Integration Methods and Accelerated Optimization AlgorithmsFeb 22 2017We show that accelerated optimization methods can be seen as particular instances of multi-step integration schemes from numerical analysis, applied to the gradient flow equation. In comparison with recent advances in this vein, the differential equation ... More A Smoother Way to Train Structured Prediction ModelsFeb 08 2019We present a framework to train a structured prediction model by performing smoothing on the inference algorithm it builds upon. Smoothing overcomes the non-smoothness inherent to the maximum margin structured prediction objective, and paves the way for ... More Limits on Neutrino Mixing with new Heavy ParticlesFeb 03 1994Mar 04 1994We study the effects induced by new neutral fermions below their mass threshold, due to their possible mixing with the standard neutrinos. We use as experimental constraints the recent results on lepton universality, together with the measurement of the ... More Recent results from the Pierre Auger ObservatorySep 12 2008The main results from the Auger Observatory are described. A steepening of the spectrum is observed at the highest energies, supporting the expectation that above $4\times 10^{19}$ eV the cosmic ray energies are significantly degraded by interactions ... More Cosmic ray photodisintegration and the knee of the spectrumNov 01 2000Jun 26 2001We explore in some detail the scenario proposed to explain the observed knee of the cosmic ray (CR) spectrum as due to the effects of photodisintegration of the CR nuclei by interactions with optical and soft UV photons in the source region. We show that ... More Spin glasses : experimental signatures and salient outcomesSep 29 2017Apr 01 2019Within the wide class of disordered materials, spin glasses occupy a special place because of their conceptually simple definition of randomly interacting spins. Their modelling has triggered spectacular developments of out-of-equilibrium statistical ... More Neutrinos in physics and astrophysicsOct 18 1999An elementary general overview of the neutrino physics and astrophysics is given. We start by a historical account of the development of our understanding of neutrinos and how they helped to unravel the structure of the Standard Model. We discuss why ... More Revealing the work cost of generalized thermal bathsSep 14 2018We derive the work cost of using generalized thermal baths from the physical equivalence of quantum mechanics under unitary transformations. We demonstrate our method by considering a qubit extracting work from a single bath to amplify a cavity field. ... More Neutrino PhenomenologyDec 27 2004A general overview of neutrino physics is given, starting with a historical account of the development of our understanding of neutrinos and how they helped to unravel the structure of the Standard Model. We discuss why it is so important to establish ... More Microlensing searches of dark matterApr 25 2000The evolution of the observational results of microlensing towards the LMC and some of the suggested interpretations to account for them are discussed. It is emphasized that the results at present are indicative of a lensing population of white dwarfs, ... More Beyond the Standard ModelDec 28 2001May 07 2007The successes and shortcomings of the Standard Model are reviewed, with emphasis on the reasons motivating the need to extend it. The basic elements of grand unification and supersymmetry are described, exploring their phenomenological implications for ... More Reconstructing compositionsOct 16 2006We consider the problem of reconstructing compositions of an integer from their subcompositions, which was raised by Raykova (albeit disguised as a question about layered permutations). We show that every composition w of n\ge 3k+1 can be reconstructed ... More Simple physics of the partly pinned fluid systemsMay 12 2014Sep 08 2014In this paper, we consider some aspects of the physics of the partly pinned (PP) systems obtained by freezing in place particles in equilibrium bulk fluid configurations in the normal (nonglassy) state. We first discuss the configurational overlap and ... More Statistical mechanics of homogeneous partly pinned fluid systemsJun 24 2010Dec 05 2010The homogeneous partly pinned fluid systems are simple models of a fluid confined in a disordered porous matrix obtained by arresting randomly chosen particles in a one-component bulk fluid or one of the two components of a binary mixture. In this paper, ... More Semantic Vector MachinesMay 14 2011We first present our work in machine translation, during which we used aligned sentences to train a neural network to embed n-grams of different languages into an $d$-dimensional space, such that n-grams that are the translation of each other are close ... More Gluon Mass, Glueballs and Gluonic MesonsFeb 18 2011We review the phenomenological and theoretical evidences for dynamical gluon mass generation and the main features of the glueball spectrum in (pure gauge) Yang-Mills theories. The mixing between glueball and conventional $\bar q q$ states in $f_0$ scalar ... More Growth rates of permutation classes: from countable to uncountableMay 13 2016Sep 05 2016We establish that there is an algebraic number $\xi\approx 2.30522$ such that while there are uncountably many growth rates of permutation classes arbitrarily close to $\xi$, there are only countably many less than $\xi$. Central to the proof are various ... More A new test of uniformity for object orientations in astronomyJul 20 2015We briefly present a new coordinate-invariant statistical test dedicated to the study of the orientations of transverse quantities of non-uniformly distributed sources on the celestial sphere. These quantities can be projected spin-axes or polarization ... More Why are tensor field theories asymptotically free?Jul 15 2015In this pedagogic letter we explain the combinatorics underlying the generic asymptotic freedom of tensor field theories. We focus on simple combinatorial models with a $1/p^2$ propagator and quartic interactions and on the comparison between the intermediate ... More Definability of types over finite partial order indiscerniblesAug 11 2011In this paper, we show that a partitioned formula \phi is dependent if and only if \phi has uniform definability of types over finite partial order indiscernibles. This generalizes our result from a previous paper [1]. We show this by giving a decomposition ... More The Relaxation Normal Form of Braids is RegularJul 12 2015Oct 12 2017Braids can be represented geometrically as laminations of punctured disks. The geometric complexity of a braid is the minimal complexity of a lamination that represents it, and tight laminations are representatives of minimal complexity. These laminations ... More Inexact cuts in Stochastic Dual Dynamic ProgrammingSep 04 2018Jul 07 2019We introduce an extension of Stochastic Dual Dynamic Programming (SDDP) to solve stochastic convex dynamic programming equations. This extension applies when some or all primal and dual subproblems to be solved along the forward and backward passes of ... More The one-dimensional asymmetric persistent random walkDec 18 2017Feb 12 2018Persistent random walks are intermediate transport processes between a uniform rectilinear motion and a Brownian motion. They are formed by successive steps of random finite lengths and directions travelled at a fixed speed. The isotropic and symmetric ... More A Puzzle about Further FactsFeb 04 2018In metaphysics, there are a number of distinct but related questions about the existence of "further facts" -- facts that are contingent relative to the physical structure of the universe. These include further facts about qualia, personal identity, and ... More The Joint Physics Analysis Center WebsiteJan 08 2016The Joint Physics Analysis Center is a collaboration between theorists and experimentalists working in hadronic physics. In order to facilitate the exchange of information between the different actors in hadron spectroscopy, we created an interactive ... More Dessins d'enfants for analystsApr 01 2015We present an algorithmic way of exactly computing Belyi functions for hypermaps and triangulations in genus 0 or 1, and the associated dessins, based on a numerical iterative approach initialized from a circle packing combined with subsequent lattice ... More Estimates for Weierstrass division in ultradifferentiable classesNov 26 2015Mar 23 2016We study the Weierstrass division theorem for function germs in strongly non-quasianalytic Denjoy-Carleman classes $\mathcal{C}_M$. For suitable divisors $P(x,t)=x^d+a_1(t)x^{d-1}+\cdots+a_d(t)$ with real-analytic coefficients $a_j$, we show that the ... More Fonctorial Construction of Frobenius CategoriesMar 16 2009Let $\Ascr,\Bscr$ be exact categories with $\Ascr$ karoubian and $M$ be an exact functor. Under suitable adjonction hypotheses for $M$, we are able to show that the direct factors of the objects of $\Ascr$ of the form $MY$ with $Y \in \Bscr$ make up a ... More Lecture notes on Liouville theory and the DOZZ formulaDec 03 2017The purpose of these notes, based on a series of 4 lectures given by the author at IHES, is to explain the recent proof of the DOZZ formula for the three point correlation functions of Liouville conformal field theory (LCFT). We first review the probabilistic ... More Brick polytopes, lattice quotients, and Hopf algebrasMay 28 2015Nov 30 2017This paper is motivated by the interplay between the Tamari lattice, J.-L. Loday's realization of the associahedron, and J.-L. Loday and M. Ronco's Hopf algebra on binary trees. We show that these constructions extend in the world of acyclic $k$-triangulations, ... More A very short proof of Forester's rigidity resultJan 24 2003May 22 2003The deformation space of a simplicial G-tree T is the set of G-trees which can be obtained from T by some collapse and expansion moves, or equivalently, which have the same elliptic subgroups as T. We give a short proof of a rigidity result by Forester ... More Cardinality of Rauzy classesJun 04 2011Rauzy classes define a partition of the set of irreducible (or indecomposable) permutations. They were defined by G. Rauzy as part of an induction algorithm for interval exchange transformations. In this article we prove an explicit formula for the cardinality ... More On the non-extendability of quasianalytic germsJun 21 2010Sep 07 2010Let $\mathcal{E}_1(M)^+$ be the local ring of germs at 0 of functions belonging to a given Denjoy-Carleman quasianalytic class in a neighborhood of 0 in $[0,+\infty[$. We show that the ring $\mathcal{E}_1(M)^+$ contains elements that cannot be extended ... More The metric completion of the Riemannian space of Kähler metricsJan 30 2014Apr 09 2014Let $X$ be a compact K\"ahler manifold and $\a \in H^{1,1}(X,\R)$ a K\"ahler class. We study the metric completion of the space $\HH_\a$ of K\"ahler metrics in $\a$, when endowed with the Mabuchi $L^2$-metric $d$. Using recent ideas of Darvas, we show ... More Latest results from the Pierre Auger ObservatoryJan 10 2011Recent results obtained with the Pierre Auger Observatory are described. These include measurements of the spectrum, anisotropies and composition of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. The ankle of the spectrum is measured at $4\times 10^{18}$~eV and a suppression ... More Neutrino AstrophysicsNov 30 2000Dec 04 2000A general overview of neutrino physics and astrophysics is given, starting with a historical account of the development of our understanding of neutrinos and how they helped to unravel the structure of the Standard Model. We discuss why it is so important ... More Results from the Pierre Auger ObservatoryNov 20 2018I describe some of the results on ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays that have been obtained with the Pierre Auger Observatory. These include measurements of the spectrum, composition and anisotropies. Possible astrophysical scenarios that account for these ... More Flatness, accessibility and metric spacesMar 09 2004This paper studies a notion of parameterized flatness in the enriched context: p-flatness where the parameter p stands for a class of presheaves. One obtains a completion of a category A by considering the category F_p(A) of p-flat presheaves over A. ... More Modelling Chaotic DataJul 31 2011This paper extends the subjects dicussed in the Data Analysis and Dynamical Systems courses by looking at the subject of modelling data. This task is nontrivial as the underlying process could be non-linear. In the paper some common methods, including ... More Limit groups and groups acting freely on $\bbR^n$-treesJul 21 2003We give a simple proof of the finite presentation of Sela's limit groups by using free actions on $\bbR^n$-trees. We first prove that Sela's limit groups do have a free action on an $\bbR^n$-tree. We then prove that a finitely generated group having a ... More Lehmer code transforms and Mahonian statistics on permutationsMar 18 2012In 2000 Babson and Steingr{\'\i}msson introduced the notion of vincular patterns in permutations. They shown that essentially all well-known Mahonian permutation statistics can be written as combinations of such patterns. Also, they proved and conjectured ... More Permutation classesSep 17 2014Jan 04 2015This is a survey on permutation classes for the upcoming book Handbook of Enumerative Combinatorics. The Tensor Track, IVApr 26 2016This note is a sequel to the previous series "Tensor Track I-III". Assuming some familiarity with the tensor track approach to quantum gravity, we provide a brief introduction to the developments of the last two years and to their corresponding bibliography. ... More Chemotactic waves of bacteria at the mesoscaleJul 01 2016The existence of travelling waves for a model of concentration waves of bacteria is investigated. The model consists in a kinetic equation for the biased motion of cells following a run-and-tumble process, coupled with two reaction-diffusion equations ... More On Time-frequency Scattering and Computer MusicOct 10 2018Jan 22 2019Time-frequency scattering is a mathematical transformation of sound waves. Its core purpose is to mimick the way the human auditory system extracts information from its environment. In the context of improving the artificial intelligence of sounds, it ... More Re-parameterizing and reducing families of normal operatorsOct 08 2017We present a new proof of results of Kurdyka & Paunescu, and of Rainer, about real-analytic multi-parameters generalizations of classical results by Rellich and Kato about the reduction in families of univariate deformations of normal operators over real ... More On VC-density in VC-minimal theoriesSep 29 2014We show that any formula with two free variables in a VC-minimal theory has VC-codensity at most two. Modifying the argument slightly, we give a new proof of the fact that, in a VC-minimal theory where acl = dcl, the VC-codensity of a formula is at most ... More Dependence and Isolated ExtensionsNov 06 2009In this paper, we show that \phi is a dependent formula if and only if all \phi-types have an extension to a \phi-isolated \phi-type that is an "elementary \phi-extension" (see Definition 2.3 in the paper). Moreover, we show that the domain of this extension ... More Une ou deux composantes ? La réponse de la diffusion en ondelettesMay 21 2019Jun 21 2019With the aim of constructing a biologically plausible model of machine listening, we study the representation of a multicomponent stationary signal by a wavelet scattering network. First, we show that renormalizing second-order nodes by their first-order ... More Search for neutrinoless double-beta decay with SNO+Sep 17 2018The SNO+ experiment, located in SNOLAB, 2 kilometers underground in the Creighton mine, near Sudbury, Canada, is a large scale neutrino detector whose main purpose is to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay and thus probe the Majorana nature of the ... More Asymptotics of lieanders with fixed composition sizesDec 10 2018Lieanders are special cases of meanders and first appeared in connection with Lie algebras. Using the results from the author with E. Goujard, P. Zograf and A. Zorich, we prove a polynomial asymptotics for the number of lieanders with fixed composition ... More Eigentriads and Eigenprogressions on the TonnetzOct 01 2018We introduce a new multidimensional representation, named eigenprogression transform, that characterizes some essential patterns of Western tonal harmony while being equivariant to time shifts and pitch transpositions. This representation is deep, multiscale, ... More Łojasiewicz ideals in Denjoy-Carleman classesOct 23 2012Jul 22 2013The classical notion of {\L}ojasiewicz ideals of smooth functions is studied in the context of non-quasianalytic Denjoy-Carleman classes. In the case of principal ideals, we obtain a characterization of {\L}ojasiewicz ideals in terms of properties of ... More